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Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a pro inflammatory cytokine, which is secreted by immune cells to trigger inflammation and this has been found profoundly in the lesions caused by Leishmania pathogens. IL-1 is a name that designates two pleiotropic cytokines, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2), which are the products of distinct genes. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are structurally related polypeptides that share approximately 21% amino acid (aa) identity in human. Both IL-1α and IL-1β binds to the same receptor and has similar but not identical biological properties; The mature human IL1β shares 96% amino acid sequence identity with rhesus and 67% -78% with canine, mouse and rat IL-1β.IL-1β, are known to modulate effects of neurotoxic neurotransmitters discharged during excitation or inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS).   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin-1 beta, IL-1β, IL-1, IL1B, IL-1b, IL1-BETA, IL-1F2, IL1F2IL-1 beta, interleukin-1 beta, preinterleukin 1 beta, pro-interleukin-1-beta. Accession P10749 GeneID 16176 Source E.coli-derived human IL-1β protein, Vla118-Ser269. Molecular Weight Approximately 17.5 kDa. AA Sequence VPIRQLHYRL RDEQQKSLVL SDPYELKALH LNGQNINQQV IFSMSFVQGE PSNDKIPVAL GLKGKNLYLS CVMKDGTPTL QLESVDPKQY PKKKMEKRFV FNKIEVKSKV EFESAEFPNW YISTSQAEHK PVFLGNNSGQ DIIDFTMESV SS Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 96% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine D10S cells is less than 2 pg/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5.0 × 108 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4, with 5% trehalose, 0.02% Tween-20. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20 ℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin-10 (IL-10), also known as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is the charter member of the IL-10 family of α-helical cytokines that also includes IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26/AK155. IL-10 is a 178 amino acid molecule that contains two intrachain disulfide bridges and is expressed as a 36 kDa noncovalently associated homodimer. Mature human IL- 10 shares 72%- 86% amino acid sequence identity with bovine, canine, equine, feline, mouse, ovine, porcine, and rat IL- 10. IL-10, a cytokine produced by CD4+ T lymphocytes belonging to the Th-2 subset, has previously been shown to inhibit the synthesis of IFN-gamma by both T cells and NK cells.The anti-inflammatory actions of IL-10 may be therapeutically useful either directly or through modulation of HO-1 activity.   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin-10, IL-10, Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, IL10A, TGIF, CSIF Accession P18893 GeneID 16153 Source E.coli-derived mouse IL-10 protein, Ser19-Ser178. Molecular Weight Approximately 18.7 kDa. AA Sequence SRGQYSREDN NCTHFPVGQS HMLLELRTAF SQVKTFFQTK DQLDNILLTD SLMQDFKGYL GCQALSEMIQ FYLVEVMPQA EKHGPEIKEH LNSLGEKLKT LRMRLRRCHR FLPCENKSKA VEQVKSDFNK LQDQGVYKAM NEFDIFINCI EAYMMIKMKS Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine MC/9-2 cells is less than 1 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 1.0 × 106 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in 10 mM HCl to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20 ℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL-11 is a pleiotropic cytokine in the IL-6 family, which also includes LIF, CNTF, Oncostatin M, Cardiotrophin-1, IL-27 and IL-31. IL11 is also known under the names adipogenesis inhibitory factor (AGIF) and oprelvekin.The mouse IL-11 cDNA encodes a 199 amino acid (aa) precursor, which generates a 178 aa, 19 kDa mature unglycosylated protein. It is found in the plasma mainly during inflammation, and is considered to be primarily anti- inflammatory. It stimulates hematopoiesis and thrombopoiesis, regulates macrophage differentiation, and confers mucosal protection in the intestine. It has also been found to enhance T cell polarization toward Th2, promote B cell IgG production, increase osteoclast bone absorption, protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress, and regulate epithelial proliferation and apoptosis. IL-11 synergizes with several other cytokines to produce these effects, and its effects overlap with those of IL-6. IL-11 stimulates the growth of certain lymphocytes and, in the murine model, stimulates an increase in the cortical thickness and strength of long bones. As a signaling molecule, IL-11 has a variety of functions associated with its receptor interleukin 11 receptor alpha; such functions include placentation and to some extent of decidualization.   Product Properties Synonyms AGIF Accession P47873 GeneID 16156 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-11, Pro22-Leut199, with an N-terminal Met. Molecular Weight Approximately 19.1 kDa. AA Sequence MPGPPAGSPR VSSDPRADLD SAVLLTRSLL ADTRQLAAQM RDKFPADGDH SLDSLPTLAM SAGTLGSLQL PGVLTRLRVD LMSYLRHVQW LRRAGGPSLK TLEPELGALQ ARLERLLRRL QLLMSRLALP QAAPDQPVIP LGPPASAWGS IRAAHAILGG LHLTLDWAVR GLLLLKTRL Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine T11 cells is less than 2 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5.0 × 105 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20℃. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20 ℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin-13 (IL-13) was first recognized for its effects on B cells and monocytes, where it upregulated class II expression, promoted IgE class switching and inhibited inflammatory cytokine production. IL-13 is a monomeric 17 kDa immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergy, cancer, and tissue fibrosis. Mature human IL-13 shares approximately 58% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-13. It has become evident that IL-13 is a key mediator in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation, and IL-13 is key proinflammatory cytokines in asthma. The cytokines interleukin IL-13 have pleiotropic effects on a variety of cell types and impact both pathologic changes and tissue remodeling.   Product Properties Synonyms BHR1interleukin-13, IL13, interleukin 13, MGC116786, NC30, P600 Accession P20109 GeneID 16163 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-13, Pro22-Phe131, with an N-terminal Met. Molecular Weight Approximately 12.3 kDa. AA Sequence MPVPRSVSLP LTLKELIEEL SNITQDQTPL CNGSMVWSVD LAAGGFCVAL DSLTNISNCN AIYRTQRILH GLCNRKAPTT VSSLPDTKIE VAHFITKLLS YTKQLFRHGP F Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using human TF-1 cells is less than 4 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 2.5 × 105 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20℃. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20 ℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that can induce the production of interferon-gamma in Th1 cells, NK cells, and activated macrophages, especially in the presence of IL-12. IL-18 also plays a role in developmental regulation. This product features high activity, high purity, and low endotoxin levels. The product is verified and tested for biological activity, endotoxin levels, and through SDS-PAGE to ensure the biological activity and batch-to-batch consistency; our product is provided in a carrier-free form, making it highly suitable for research and production in cell culture, ELISA, or as a standard for immunoblotting. Product Properties Aliases Interleukin 18; Interleukin-18 Uniprot No. P70380 Expression Range and System E.coli-derived Mouse IL-18 protein, Asn36-Ser192 with a His tag at the C-terminus. Molecular Weight Approximately 18 kDa. Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity Greater than 98% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Activity Measured by its ability to induce IFN gamma secretion in KG-1 cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.5 μg/mL. Endotoxin Less than 0.1 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized (freeze-dried) from a solution containing 1×PBS, pH 8.0.   Usage Instructions 1.It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized powder with sterile water to a concentration of no less than 100 μg/mL and let it stand for at least 20 minutes to ensure complete dissolution. 2.After reconstitution, the solution can be further diluted and aliquoted for storage at 2-8°C with a shelf life of 1 month, or at -20°C with a shelf life of 3 months; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3.When further diluting and aliquoting the reconstituted solution, it is necessary to add a certain amount of carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 10% FBS, or 5% HSA). For serum-free experimental requirements, it can be replaced with a 5% trehalose solution as the carrier.   Shipping and Storage Ice Pack Shipping:Store at -20°C, with a one-year shelf life. Recommendation for Initial Use: It is advised to aliquot and freeze the product for storage upon the first use to prevent repeated freezing and thawing.   Cautions 1. For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and use disposable gloves when handling. 2.This product is for research use only.

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Interleukin-2(IL-2) is a powerful immunoregulatory lymphokine produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. It is expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils. IL-2/IL-2R signaling is required for T- cell proliferation and other fundamental functions which are essential for the immune response. The receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits (55 kDa IL-2Rα, 75 kDa IL-2Rβ, and 64 kDa common gamma chain γc/IL-2Rγ) that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes. Mature human IL-2 shares 56% and 66% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-2, respectively. Human and mouse IL-2 exhibit cross-species activity.   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin-2,IL-2,T-cell Growth Factor, TCGF, Aldesleukin Accession P04351 GeneID 16183 Source E.coli-derived mouse IL-2 protein, Ala21-Gln169 Molecular Weight Approximately 17.2 kDa. AA Sequence APTSSSTSSS TAEAQQQQQQ QQQQQQHLEQ LLMDLQELLS RMENYRNLKL PRMLTFKFYL PKQATELKDL QCLEDELGPL RHVLDLTQSK SFQLEDAENF ISNIRVTVVK LKGSDNTFEC QFDDESATVV DFLRRWIAFC QSIISTSPQ Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine CTLL-2 cells is less than 0.2 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5.0 × 106 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20 ℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL-23 is a proinflammatory, heterodimeric protein composed of two subunits: a unique p19 subunit, and a p40 subunit that is shared with IL-12. IL-23 is secreted by activated dendritic cells and macrophages, and signals though a receptor comprised of IL-23R complexed with IL-12Rβ1. IL-23 has been shown to enhance proliferation of memory T cells.   Product Properties   Synonyms Interleukin-23 Source HEK293 Cells Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH7.4. Normally 5% - 8% trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with PBS.   Storage    The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -25~-15℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 ~8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -25~-15℃ under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Interleukin 3 is a pleiotropic factor produced primarily by activated T cells that can stimulate the proliferation. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human and mouse IL-3 share only 29% sequence identity. Consistent with this lack of homology, IL-3 activity is highly species-specific and human IL-3 does not show activity on murine cells. Cytokines are actively involved in the host-defense system to coordinate the functional activity and the generation of effector cells. Some of these molecules function as inflammatory mediators and hematopoietic growth factors at the same time such as IL-3. IL-3 is known as a pleiotropic cytokine with a broad spectrum of target cells and functions. IL-3 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells in the early stages of hematopoiesis. And IL-3 inhibits apoptosis and promotes the autonomous growth of blast cells.   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin-3, IL-3, Hematopoietic growth factor, MCGF, Multipotential colony-stimulating factor, P-cell-stimulating factor Accession P01586 GeneID 16187 Source E.coli-derived mouse IL-1alpha protein, Asp33-Cys166. Molecular Weight Approximately 14.8 kDa. AA Sequence DTHRLTRTLN CSSIVKEIIG KLPEPELKTD DEGPSLRNKS FRRVNLSKFV ESQGEVDPED RYVIKSNLQK LNCCLPTSAN DSALPGVFIR DLDDFRKKLR FYMVHLNDLE TVLTSRPPQP ASGSVSPNRG TVEC Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of murine M-NFS-60 cells is less than 0.05 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 2 × 107  IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20 ℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), is the dominant effector of Growth Hormone (GH) and is structurally homologous to Proinsulin. The 7.6 kDa mature IGF-I is identical between isoforms and is generated by proteolytic removal of the N- and C-terminal regions. Mature human IGF-I shares 94% and 96% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with the mouse and rat orthologs, respectively. The body growth of animals is regulated by growth hormone and IGF-I. The classical theory of this regulation is that most IGF-I in the blood originates in the liver and that body growth is controlled by the concentration of IGF-I in the blood. Meanwhile, IGF-I has been shown to enhance neuronal survival and inhibit apoptosis. IGF-1 promote the proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and protect them against dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis.   Product Properties Synonyms Somatomedin C, IGF-I, IGF-IA, Mechano growth factor, MGF Accession P05017 GeneID 16000 Source E.coli-derived mouse IGF-1 protein, Gly49-Ala118. Molecular Weight Approximately 7.7 kDa. AA Sequence GPETLCGAEL VDALQFVCGP RGFYFNKPTG YGSSIRRAPQ TGIVDECCFR SCDLRRLEMY CAPLKPTKAA Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity >97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using serum free human MCF-7 cells is less than 2 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5.0×105 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when comparedto standard. Endotoxin < 0.1 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20℃. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL- 28A (Interferon-lambda 2; IFN-lambda 2), IL-28B/IFN-lambda 3, and IL-29/IFN-lambda 1 are type III interferons which are distantly related to IL-10 family and type I IFN family cytokines. Mature human IL-28A is an approximately 22-25 kDa protein that shares 66% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-28A and shows cross-species activity. It shares 96% and 70% aa sequence identity with human IL-28B and IL-29, respectively. Type III interferons are upregulated in response to viral infection, and they act predominantly on epithelial cells through a receptor complex that contains IL-10 R beta and IL-28 R alpha /IFN-gamma R1. Type III IFNs function as anti-viral molecules and induce the upregulation of MHC class I antigen. IL-28A promotes the Th1 polarization of dendritic cells in the airway (e.g. production of IL-12 p70 and IFN-gamma ) and inhibits Th2 and Th17 mediated inflammation. In the liver, however, the IL-28A induced Th1 cytokine response contributes to inflammation in T cell mediated hepatitis. IL-28A additionally exhibits anti-tumor activity, in part by enhancing IL-12 dependent anti-tumor CTL responses in vivo. In contrast, it is up-regulated in invasive bladder cancer where it promotes tumor cell migration   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin 28A；Interferon lambda-2；Interleukin-28A；IFN-lambda-2 Accession Q4VK74 GeneID 330496 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IFN-λ2/IL-28A, Asp20-Val193 Molecular Weight Approximately 19.7 kDa. AA Sequence DPVPRATRLP VEAKDCHIAQ FKSLSPKELQ AFKKAKDAIE KRLLEKDMRC SSHLISRAWD LKQLQVQERP KALQAEVALT LKVWENMTDS ALATILGQPL HTLSHIHSQL QTCTQLQATA EPKPPSRRLS RWLHRLQEAQ SKETPGCLED SVTSNLFRLL TRDLKCVASG DQCV Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity >95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by an anti-viral assay usinghuman HepG2 cells infected with encephalomyocarditis is less than 3 ng/ml, corresponding to a specificactivity of > 3.3 × 105 IU/mg. Endotoxin < 0.1 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4, with 5 % trehalose. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20℃. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL-28B (also named interferon-lambda 3, IFN-lambda 3), IL-28A (IFN-lambda 2) and IL-29 (IFN-lambda 1) are type III interferons that are class II cytokine receptor ligands. They are distantly related to members of the IL-10 family and type I IFN family. Human IL-28B cDNA encodes a 200 amino acid (aa) protein with a 25 aa signal peptide and a 175 aa mature protein that lacks N-glycosylation sites. Mature human IL-28B shares 64% and 75% aa sequence identity with mouse and canine IL-28B, respectively, and is active across species. Human IL-28B shares 94% and 69% aa identity with human IL-28A and IL- 29, respectively. Type III interferons are widely expressed, but are mainly produced by antigen presenting cells in response to viruses  and double-stranded RNA that interact with Toll-like receptors or RIG-1 family helicases. They signal through a widely expressed receptor that is a heterodimer of the IL-10 receptor beta (IL-10 R beta ) and IL-28 receptor alpha (IL-28 R alpha ; also called IFN-lambda R1). Interaction of either type I or type III IFNs with their receptors activates similar pathways, including JAK tyrosine kinase activation, STAT phosphorylation and formation of the IFN-stimulated regulatory factor 3 (ISGF-3) transcription factor complex. Both type  I and III IFNs induce anti- viral activity and up- regulate MHC class I antigen expression. Cell lines responsive to type III IFNs are also responsive to type I IFNs, but in general, higher concentrations of type III IFNs are needed for similar in vitro responses. In vivo, however, type III IFNs enhance levels of IFN-gamma in serum, suggesting that the robust anti-viral activity of type III IFNs may  stem in part from activation of the immune system. Anti-proliferative and antitumor activity in vivo has also been shown for type III IFNs.   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin 28B；Interferon lambda-3；IFN-lambda-3；Interleukin-28B Accession Q8CGK6 GeneID 338374 Source E.coli-derived mouse Interferon-lambda3/Interleukin-28B protein, Asp20-Val193 Molecular Weight Approximately 19.6 kDa. AA Sequence DPVPRATRLP VEAKDCHIAQ FKSLSPKELQ AFKKAKGAIE KRLLEKDMRC SSHLISRAWD LKQLQVQERP KALQAEVALT LKVWENINDS ALTTILGQPL HTLSHIHSQL QTCTQLQATA EPKPPSRRLS RWLHRLQEAQ SKETPGCLED SVTSNLFQLL LRDLKCVASG DQCV Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by an anti-viral assay using human HepG2 cells infected with encephalomyocarditis is less than 30 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 3.3 × 104 IU/mg Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) is also known as IL-1A, IL1,and is a cytokine of the interleukin-1 family. Among various species, the amino acid sequence of mature IL-1 alpha is conserved 60% to 70% and human IL-1 has been found to be biologically active on murine cell lines. It possesses metabolic, physiological, haematopoietic activities, and plays one of the central roles in the regulation of the immune responses. IL-1 is a major immunoregulatory/proinflammatory cytokine which also affects fibroblast proliferation and function and therefore it was of interest to investigate whether its constitutive expression influences the in vivo tumorigenic potential of transformed fibroblastoid cell lines.   Product Properties Synonyms Interleukin-1 alpha, IL-1α, BAF, IL-1F1, LAF, LEM, preinterleukin 1 alpha, pro-interleukin-1-alpha Accession Q3U0Y6 GeneID 16175 Source E.coli-derived mouse IL-1alpha protein, Ser115-Ala270. Molecular Weight Approximately 17.9 kDa. AA Sequence SAPYTYQSDL RYKLMKLVRQ KFVMNDSLNQ TIYQDVDKHY LSTTWLNDLQ QEVKFDMYAY SSGGDDSKYP VTLKISDSQL FVSAQGEDQP VLLKELPETP KLITGSETDL IFFWKSINSK NYFTSAAYPE LFIATKEQSR VHLARGLPSM TDFQIS Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine D10S cells is less than 2 pg/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5.0 × 108 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin 16 (IL-16), also known as lymphocyte chemoattractant factor (LCF), refers to the C-terminal peptide of  pro-IL-16 isoform 1, which is a nuclear and cytoplasmic PDZ-containing protein. The C-terminus of pro-IL-16 is cleaved by Caspase-3, resulting in the release of secreted IL-16. Mature IL-16 has been shown to bind the cell surface receptor CD4 and functions as an immunomodulatory cytokine.   Product Properties Synonyms Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor , LCF Accession O54824 GeneID 16170 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-16, Ser1205-Ser1322. Molecular Weight Approximately 12.2 kDa. AA Sequence SAASASAASD ISVESKEATV CTVTLEKTSA GLGFSLEGGK GSLHGDKPLT INRIFKGTEQ GEMVQPGDEI LQLAGTAVQG LTRFEAWNVI KALPDGPVTI VIRRTSLQCK QTTASADS Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral T lymphocytes is in a concentration range of 1.0-100 ng/ml. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20℃. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin 19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. The IL-10 family is a class II alpha -helical collection of cytokines that contains two groups, a viral homolog and a cellular homolog group. Within the cellular homolog group, there are two additional groupings, one which uses IL-10 R2 as a signal transducing receptor (IL-10, IL-22 and IL-26), and one which uses IL-20 R2 as a signal transducing receptor (IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24). Mouse IL-19 is synthesized as a 176 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 24 aa signal sequence and a 152 aa mature region. Based on human studies, it is expected to be secreted as a glycosylated monomer, 35 - 45 kDa in size. IL-19 is unusual in that it contains seven amphipathic helices. Mature mouse IL-19 shares 69% aa sequence identity with the mature human IL-19, and 85% and 68% aa identity to unpublished Genbank sequences for rat and canine IL-19, respectively. Although mouse IL-19 is active on human cells, human IL-19 is not active on mouse cells. IL-19 expression is limited to activated keratinocytes and monocytes, with a possible contribution from B cells. IL-19 binds a receptor  complex consisting of the IL-20 receptor alpha (also known as IL-20 R1) and the IL-20 receptor beta (IL-20 R2). This receptor complex is  also shared by IL-20 and IL-24. Notably, IL-19 is reported to actually bind to IL-20 R2, which is generally considered to be only the signal transducing receptor subunit. Functionally, it has been reported that IL-19 both will and will not induce IL-6 and TNF production by monocytes. It does, however, seem to drive T-helper cell differentiation towards a Th2 response, inducing both IL-10 and production of itself .   Product Properties Synonyms IL-10C; IL19; MDA1 Accession Q8CJ70 GeneID 329244 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-19, Leu25-Ala176. Molecular Weight Approximately 17.6 kDa. AA Sequence LRRCLISVDM RLIEKSFHEI KRAMQTKDTF KNVTILSLEN LRSIKPGDVC CMTNNLLTFY RDRVFQDHQE RSLEVLRRIS SIANSFLCVQ KSLERCQVHR QCNCSQEATN ATRIIHDNYN QLEVSSAALK SLGELNILLA WIDRNHLETP AA Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using human IL-20Rα and human IL-20Rβ co-transfected murine BaF3 pro-B cells is less than 0.8 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of >1.25 × 106 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1 × PBS, pH 7.4 , with 3 % Trehalose. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is an approximately 14 kDa four-helix-bundle cytokine in the family of cytokines that utilize the common gamma chain (gamma c) as a receptor subunit. Mature mouse IL-21 shares 66%, 59%, 58%, and 88% aa sequence identity with mature canine, human, rabbit, and rat IL-21, respectively. It can induce target cells division or proliferation. IL-21 elicits its effect through binding to IL-21R. IL-21 is a type I cytokine whose receptor is expressed on T, B, and NK cells. Within the B cell lineage, IL-21 regulates IgG1 production and cooperates with IL-4 for the production of multiple Ab classes in vivo. IL-21 has a significant influence on the regulation of B cell function in vivo and cooperates with IL-4. Additionally, IL-21 promoted tumor-specific CTL activity and enhanced memory responses to tumor rechallenge.   Product Properties Synonyms CVID11, IL21, IL-21, interleukin 21, Za11 Accession Q9ES17 GeneID 60505 Source E.coli-derived mouse IL-21 protein, His18-Ser146 Molecular Weight Approximately 15.0 kDa. AA Sequence HKSSPQGPDR LLIRLRHLID IVEQLKIYEN DLDPELLSAP QDVKGHCEHA AFACFQKAKL KPSNPGNNKT FIIDLVAQLR RRLPARRGGK KQKHIAKCPS CDSYEKRTPK EFLERLKWLL QKMIHQHLS Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using human N1186 T cells is less than 25 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 4.0 × 104 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 2 × PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL-33, also known as NF-HEV and DVS 27, is a 17.5 kDa proinflammatory protein that may also regulate gene transcription. DVS  27 was identifed as a gene that is up- regulated in vasospastic cerebral arteries. NF-HEV was described as a nuclear factor that is preferentially expressed in the endothelial cells of high endothelial venules relative to endothelial cells from other tissues. IL-33 was identified based on sequence and structural homology with IL-1 family cytokines. DVS 27, NF-HEV, and IL-33 share 100% amino acid sequence identity. IL-33 is constitutively expressed in smooth muscle and airway epithelia. It is up- regulated in arterial smooth muscle, dermal fibroblasts, and keratinocytes following IL-1 alpha or IL- 1 beta stimulation. Similar to IL-1, IL-33 can be cleaved in vitro by caspase- 1, generating an N- terminal fragment that is slightly shorter than the C- terminal fragment. The N- terminal portion of full length IL-33 contains a predicted bipartite nuclear localization sequence and a homeodomain-like helix-turn-helix DNA binding domain. By immunofluorescence, full length IL-33 localizes to the nucleus in HUVECs and transfectants. The C- terminal fragment, corresponding to mature IL-33, binds and triggers signaling through mast cell IL- 1 R4/ST2L, a longtime orphan receptor involved in the augmentation of Th2 cell responses. A ternary signaling complex is formed by the subsequent association of IL-33 and ST2L with IL- 1 RAcP. Stimulation of Th2 polarized lymphocytes with mature IL-33 in vitro  induces  IL-5  and  IL-13  secretion. In vivo administration of mature IL-33 promotes increased production of IL-5, IL-13, IgE, and IgA, as well as splenomegaly and inflammatory infiltration of mucosal tissues. Full length and mature mouse IL-33 share approximately 55% and 90% aa sequence identity with human and rat IL-33, respectively. Mouse IL-33 shares less than 25% aa sequence identity with other IL-1 family proteins.   Product Properties Synonyms IL-1F11, NF-HEV Accession Q8BVZ5 GeneID 77125 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-33, Ser109-Ile266. Molecular Weight Approximately 17.5 kDa. AA Sequence SIQGTSLLTQ SPASLSTYND QSVSFVLENG CYVINVDDSG KDQEQDQVLL RYYESPCPAS QSGDGVDGKK LMVNMSPIKD TDIWLHANDK DYSVELQRGD VSPPEQAFFV LHKKSSDFVS FECKNLPGTY IGVKDNQLAL VEEKDESCNN IMFKLSKI Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine D10S cells is less than 0.5 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 2.0 × 106 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS, and 1 mM EDTA. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL- 36 alpha, previously called IL- 1F6 and FIL1 epsilon (family of IL- 1 member epsilon), is a member of the IL- 1 family which includes IL- 1 beta, IL- 1 alpha, IL- 1ra, IL- 18, and novel family members IL- 36 Ra (IL- 1F5), IL- 36 beta (IL- 1F8), IL- 36 gamma (IL- 1F9), IL- 37 (IL- 1F7) and IL- 1F10. All family members show a 12 beta - strand, beta - trefoil configuration, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene. It can be externalized non- specifically in response to LPS and ATP- induced activation of the P2X7 receptor. Full- length recombinant IL- 36 alpha is less active than endogenous IL- 36 alpha, but trimming of the N- termini enhances its activity. Mouse IL- 36 alpha shares 83% aa sequence identity with rat IL- 36 alpha, 54- 60% with human, rabbit, equine and bovine IL- 36 alpha, and 27- 57% aa sequence identity with other novel IL- 1 family members. IL- 36 alpha is mainly found in skin and lymphoid tissues, but also in fetal brain, trachea, stomach and intestine. It is expressed by monocytes, B and T cells. The receptor for IL- 36 alpha is a combination of IL- 1 Rrp2 (also called IL- 1 RL2 or IL- 1 R6), mainly found in epithelia and keratinocytes, and the widely expressed IL- 1 RAcP. IL- 36 alpha, beta and gamma all activate NF- kappa B and MAPK pathways in an IL- 1 Rrp2 dependent manner, and induce production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL8/IL- 8. IL- 36 alpha and other family members are overexpressed in psoriatic skin lesions, and transgenic overexpression of IL- 36 alpha in skin keratinocytes produces epidermal hyperplasia. IL- 36 alpha is present in kidney tubule epithelia; it is highly overexpressed in tubulointerstitial lesions in mouse models of chronic glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and diabetic nephritis. IL- 36 alpha is induced by inflammation in adipose tissue- resident alternately activated (M2) macrophages, and reduces adipocyte differentiation.   Product Properties Synonyms FIL1 epsilon, IL-1 epsilon, IL-1F6, IL-1H1 Accession Q9JLA2 GeneID 54448 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-36α,153aa, Arg8-His160. Molecular Weight Approximately 17.1 kDa. AA Sequence RAASPSLRHV QDLSSRVWIL QNNILTAVPR KEQTVPVTIT LLPCQYLDTL ETNRGDPTYM GVQRPMSCLF CTKDGEQPVL QLGEGNIMEM YNKKEPVKAS LFYHKKSGTT STFESAAFPG WFIAVCSKGS CPLILTQELG EIFITDFEMI VVH Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by inducing IL-6 secretion in murine NIH/3T3 cells is less than 25 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 4.0 × 104 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, 1 mM DTT, 3 % trehalose. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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IL- 36 alpha, previously called IL- 1F6 and FIL1 epsilon (family of IL- 1 member epsilon), is a member of the IL- 1 family which includes IL- 1 beta, IL- 1 alpha, IL- 1ra, IL- 18, and novel family members IL- 36 Ra (IL- 1F5), IL- 36 beta (IL- 1F8), IL- 36 gamma (IL- 1F9), IL- 37 (IL- 1F7) and IL- 1F10. All family members show a 12 beta - strand, beta - trefoil configuration, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene. IL- 36 alpha is an 18 kDa, 160 amino acid (aa) intracellular and secreted protein that contains no signal sequence, no prosegment and no potential N- linked glycosylation sites. It can be externalized non- specifically in response to LPS and ATP- induced activation of the P2X7 receptor. Full- length recombinant IL- 36 alpha is less active than endogenous IL- 36 alpha, but trimming of the N- termini enhances its activity. Mouse IL- 36 alpha shares 83% aa sequence identity with rat IL- 36 alpha, 54- 60% with human, rabbit, equine and bovine IL- 36 alpha, and 27- 57% aa sequence identity with other novel IL- 1 family members. IL- 36 alpha is mainly found in skin and lymphoid tissues, but also in fetal brain, trachea, stomach and intestine. It is expressed by monocytes,  B and T cells. The receptor for IL- 36  alpha is a combination of IL- 1  Rrp2 (also called     IL- 1 RL2 or IL- 1 R6), mainly found in epithelia and keratinocytes, and the widely expressed IL- 1 RAcP. IL- 36 alpha, beta and gamma all activate NF- kappa B and MAPK pathways in an IL- 1 Rrp2 dependent manner, and induce production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL8/IL- 8. IL- 36 alpha and other family members are overexpressed in psoriatic skin lesions, and transgenic overexpression of IL- 36 alpha in skin keratinocytes produces epidermal hyperplasia. IL- 36 alpha is present in kidney tubule epithelia; it is highly overexpressed in tubulointerstitial lesions in mouse models of chronic glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and diabetic nephritis. IL- 36 alpha is induced by inflammation in adipose tissue- resident alternately activated (M2) macrophages, and reduces adipocyte differentiation.   Product Properties Synonyms FIL1 epsilon, IL-1 epsilon, IL-1F6, IL-1H1 Accession Q9JLA2 GeneID 54448 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-36α,160aa, Met1-His160, with an N-terminal Met. Molecular Weight Approximately 18.0 kDa. AA Sequence MNKEKELRAA SPSLRHVQDL SSRVWILQNN ILTAVPRKEQ TVPVTITLLP CQYLDTLETN RGDPTYMGVQ RPMSCLFCTK DGEQPVLQLG EGNIMEMYNK KEPVKASLFY HKKSGTTSTF ESAAFPGWFI AVCSKGSCPL ILTQELGEIF ITDFEMIVVH Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 95% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The specific activity determined by its ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized rMuIL-36α at 1 µg/mL can bind recombinant murine IL-1 Rrp2 with a range of 0.15-5 µg/mL. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4, 5 % trehalose. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Mouse interleukin-36 beta [IL-36 beta ; previously IL-1F8, FIL-1 eta(eta) and IL-1H2] is a member of the IL-1 family  of proteins that includes IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, IL-1ra, IL-18, IL-36Ra/IL-1F5, IL-36 alpha /IL-1F6, IL-37/IL-1F7, IL-36 gamma /IL-1F9 and IL-1F10. All family members show a 12 beta-stranded beta-trefoil configuration, share up to 50% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene. Although two alternatively spliced transcript variants for human  IL-36 beta /IL-1F8 have been described, to date, only one mouse IL-36 beta /IL-1F8 isoform is known. Mouse IL-36 beta /IL-1F8 shares 61% and 74% aa identity with human IL-36 beta isoform 2 and rat IL-36 beta, respectively. IL-36 beta is agonistic, stimulating release of inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and IL-8, and cytotoxic peptides such as beta-defensins 2 and 3 that aid in defense against microbial pathogens. The receptor for IL-36 proteins is IL-1 Rrp2, with IL-1 RAcP as a coreceptor. Antagonism of IL-36 proteins by IL-36Ra, which also binds IL-1 Rrp2, has been shown by some investigators. Skin keratinocytes express highest levels of IL-36 proteins and their receptors, followed by epithelia in the esophagus, trachea and bronchae. IL-36 beta expression is increased in psoriatic skin and may play a role in pathogenesis of psoriasis. IL-36 beta is also expressed in resting and activated monocytes and B cells, synovial fibroblasts, neurons and glia, and is detectable in plasma and body fluids. IL-36 beta, along with IL-36 alpha and  IL-36 gamma, is up-regulated by IL-1 alpha and TNF- alpha in keratinocytes, and has been shown to activate NF- kappa B and MAPK signaling pathways in an IL-1 Rrp2-dependent manner. Full-length recombinant IL-36 proteins appear less active than their endogenous counterparts, but trimming of the N-termini enhances their activity.   Product Properties Synonyms FIL1 eta, IL-1 eta, IL-1F8, IL-1H2 Accession Q9D6Z6 GeneID 69677 Source E.coli-derived Mouse IL-36β, 153aa, Ser31-Lys183. Molecular Weight Approximately 17.4 kDa. AA Sequence SSQSPRNYRV HDSQQMVWVL TGNTLTAVPA SNNVKPVILS LIACRDTEFQ DVKKGNLVFL GIKNRNLCFC CVEMEGKPTL QLKEVDIMNL YKERKAQKAF LFYHGIEGST SVFQSVLYPG WFIATSSIER QTIILTHQRG KLVNTNFYIE SEK Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The ED50 as determined by inducing IL-6 secretion in murine NIH/3T3 cells is less than 10 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity of > 1.0 × 105 IU/mg. Fully biologically active when compared to standard. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4, 5 % trehalose. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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CXCL10 is a cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. Mouse CXCL10 shares approximately 67% amino acid sequence identity with human CXCL10. CXCL10 has been shown to be a chemoattractant for activated T-lymphocytes and monocytes. It also has the effect of promoting the adhesion of T cells to endothelial cells, as well as inhibiting bone marrow colony formation and angiogenesis.   Product Properties Synonyms Gamma-IP10, Small-inducible Cytokine B10, C7, CXCL10, gIP-10, IFI10, Interferon-gamma Induced Protein CRG-2 Accession P17515 GeneID 15945 Source E.coli-derived mouse IP-10/CXCL10 protein, Ile22-Pro98. Molecular Weight Approximately 8.7 kDa. AA Sequence IPLARTVRCN CIHIDDGPVR MRAIGKLEII PASLSCPRVE IIATMKKNDE QRCLNPESKT IKNLMKAFSQ KRSKRAP Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity >97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Biological Activity The biologically active determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood lymphocytes is in a concentration range of 0.1-10.0 ng/mL in the presence of IL-2.   Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20℃. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ for 1 year. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only!

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Monocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is a macrophage lineage-specific growth factor. M-CSF Induces vascular endothelial growth factor production and angiogenic activity from human monocytes. Whatmore, M-CSF and GM-CSF are mediators involved in regulating the numbers and function of macrophage lineage populations and have been shown to contribute to macrophage heterogeneity.   Product Properties   Synonyms CSF-1, MGI-IM, MCSF, M-CSF, MGC31930 Source Recombinant Mouse M-CSF is expressed from Yeast with N-His. It contains Lys33-Glu262. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 95% by SDS-PAGE analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS (pH 7.4), with 1%BSA. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with PBS,with 1%BSA.   Storage    The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -25~-15℃ for 1 year. 2-7 days, 2 ~8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -25~-15℃ under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Description NGF was discovered as a molecule that promoted the survival and differentiation of sympathetic and sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system.NGF is the first member discovered in the Neurotrophin family, which includes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4).   Product Properties Synonyms beta Nerve Growth Factor; Ngfb Uniprot No. NP_001106168.1 Source Recombinant Mouse NGF Protein is expressed from CHO Stable Cells Cells with an initial Met at the C-terminus. It contains Ser 122-Gly 241. Molecular Weight The recombinant mouse NGF has a calculated molecular mass of 13.5 kDa as estimated in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Biological Activity Measured in a cell proliferation assay using  TF-1  human  erythroleukemic  cells.  The  ED50 for this effect is 1-6 ng/mL. Purity > 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin <1 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from sterile 150mM NaCl, 50mM NaAc, pH 5.5.Normally 5% - 8% trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring  the  contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1 % BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.   Shipping and Storage The product should be stored at -25~-15℃ for 1 year from date of receipt. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1.Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety. 2.This product is for research use only.

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TRANCE, also known as receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRAC), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family. Mouse TRANCE cDNA encodes a type II transmembrane protein consisting of 316 amino acids, with a predicted cytoplasmic domain of 48 amino acids and an extracellular domain of 247 amino acids. The extracellular domain contains two potential N-linked glycosylation sites. Mouse and human TRANCE proteins share 85% homology. TRANCE is primarily expressed in T cells and T cell-rich organs, such as the thymus and lymph nodes. This protein has functions including the induction of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, enhancement of T cell growth and dendritic cell function, induction of osteoclastogenesis, and lymph node organogenesis. Product Properties Synonyms soluble Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand, TNFSF11, TRANCE (TNF-related activation-induced cytokine), OPGL, ODF Uniprot No. O35235 Expression Range and Expression System E.coil-derived mouse RANKL Molecular Weight Approximately 19.4 kDa. A A Sequence MPAMMEGSWLDVAQRGKPEAQPFAHLTINAASIPSGSHKVTLSSWYHDRGWAKISNMTLSNG KLRVNQDGFYYLYANICFRHHETSGSVPTDYLQLMVYVVKTSIKIPSSHNLMKGGSTKNWSGN SEHFYSINVGGFFKLRAGEEISIQVSNPSLLDPDQDATYFGAFKVQDID Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. Purity > 98% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Biological Activity Measure by its ability to induce osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. The ED50 for this effect is 2 ng/mL. Endotoxin < 0.1 EU per 1μg ofthe protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 1×PBS, pH 8.0. Instructions for Use 1.It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized powder with sterile water, ensuring the solution concentration is not less than 100 μg/mL, and let it stand for at least 20 minutes to fully dissolve. 2.After reconstitution, the solution can be further diluted and aliquoted, stored at 2-8°C with a shelf life of 1 month, and at -20°C with a shelf life of 3 months; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3.When further diluting and aliquoting the reconstituted solution, a certain amount of carrier protein should be added (0.1% BSA, 10% FBS, or 5% HSA). For serum-free experimental requirements, it can be replaced with a 5% trehalose solution as the carrier. Shipping and Storage Transport with ice packs. Store at -20°C with a one-year shelf life.It is recommended to aliquot and freeze for the first use to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Cautions 1.For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and use disposable gloves when handling. 2.This product is for research use only!

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TGF-beta 2 (transforming growth factor beta 2) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cysteine knot structure. TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 2, mice with targeted deletion show defects in development of cardiac, lung, craniofacial, limb, eye, ear and urogenital systems . Human TGF-beta 2 cDNA encodes a 414 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal peptide and a 395 aa proprotein. A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 232 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF- beta 2. Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 2 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex. Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large  latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix. Mature human TGF-beta 2 shows 100% aa identity with porcine, canine, equine and bovine TGF-beta 2, and 97% aa identity with mouse and rat TGF-beta 2. It demonstrates cross-species activity. Product Properties Synonyms Transforming Growth Factor beta 2 Accession P61812 Gene ID 7042 Source NS0-derived Human TGF-β2 protein, Ala303-Ser414 Molecular Weight Approximately 24 kDa AA Sequence ALDAAYCF RNVQDNCCLR PLYIDFKRDL GWKWIHEPKG YNANFCAGAC PYLWSSDTQH SRVLSLYNTI NPEASASPCC VSQDLEPLTI LYYIGKTPKI EQLSNMIVKS CKCS Tag None Physical Appearance Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder Purity > 97% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Biological Activity Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑ 2 mouse T cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.025-0.25 ng/mL. Endotoxin < 0.1 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method Formulation Lyophilized from 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in 35 % Acetonitrile and 0.1 % TFA Reconstitution We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile 4 mM HCl to a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20 °C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriately buffered solutions.   Shipping and Storage The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -70 °C for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Cautions 1. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2. For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation. 3. For research use only.

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Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a) is also known as IL-1A, IL1, and is a cytokine of the interleukin-1 family. Among various species, the amino acid sequence of mature IL-1 alpha is conserved 60% to 70% and human IL-1 has been found to be biologically active on murine cell lines. It possesses metabolic, physiological, haematopoietic activities, and plays one of the central roles in the regulation of the immune responses. IL-1 is a major immunoregulatory/proinflammatory cytokine which also affects fibroblast proliferation and function and therefore it was of interest to investigate whether its constitutive expression influences the in vivo tumorigenic potential of transformed fibroblastoid cell lines. Product Properties   Synonyms BAF, IL-1F1, LAF, LEM, preinterleukin 1 alpha, pro-interleukin-1-alpha Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-1α, Ser113-Ala271. AA sequence SAPFSFLSNM TYHFIRIIKH EFILNDTLNQ TIIRANDQHL TAAAIHNLDE AVKFDMGAYT SSKDDTKVPV ILRISKTQLY VSAQDEDQPV LLKEMPEINK TITGSETNFL FFWETHGTKN YFISVAHPNL FIATKHDNWV CLAKGLPSIT DFQILENQA Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a pro inflammatory cytokine, which is secreted by immune cells to trigger inflammation and this has been found profoundly in the lesions caused by Leishmania pathogens. IL-1 is a name that designates two pleiotropic cytokines, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2), which are the products of distinct genes. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are structurally related polypeptides that share approximately 21% amino acid (aa) identity in human. Both IL-1α and IL-1β binds to the same receptor and has similar but not identical biological properties; The 17 kDa mature rhesus IL-1 beta shares 96% aa sequence identity with human and 67% - 78% with canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat IL-1 beta, are known to modulate effects of neurotoxic neurotransmitters discharged during excitation or inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Product Properties   Synonyms Catabolin, Leukocyte Endogenous Mediator, LEM, Lymphocyte-activating factor , LAF, Mononuclear Cell Factor, MCF , Endogenous Pyrogen, EP Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-1β, Ala117-Ser269. AA sequence APVRSLHCTL RDAQLKSLVM SGPYELKALH LQGQDLEQQV VFSMSFVQGE ESNDKIPVAL GLKAKNLYLS CVLKDDKPTL QLESVDPKNY PKKKMEKRFV FNKIEINNKL EFESAQFPNW YISTSQAENM PVFLGGTRGG QDITDFTMQF VSS Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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IL-13 is a 17 kDa immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and atopy. It is secreted by Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cells, NK cells, visceral smooth muscle cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils. IL-13 circulates as a monomer with two internal disulfide bonds that contribute to a bundled four alpha -helix configuration. Mature rhesus IL-13 shares 94%, 58%, and 60% amino acid sequence identity with human, mouse, and rat IL-13, respectively. Despite the low homology, it exhibits cross-species activity between human, mouse, and rat. IL-13 has diverse activities on numerous cell types. On macrophages, IL-13 suppresses the production of proinflammatory cytokines and other cytotoxic substances. On B cells, IL-13 induces immunoglobulin class switching to IgE, upregulates the expression of MHC class II, CD71, CD72, and CD23, and costimulates proliferation. IL-13 upregulates IL-6 while downregulating IL-1 and TNF-alpha production by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. IL-13 binds with low affinity to IL-13 R alpha 1, triggering IL-13 R alpha 1 association with IL-4 R alpha. This high affinity receptor complex also functions as the type 2 IL-4 receptor complex. Additionally, IL-13 binds with high affinity to IL-13 R alpha 2 which is expressed intracellularly, on the cell surface, and as a soluble molecule. Product Properties   Synonyms BHR1interleukin-13, IL13, interleukin 13, MGC116786, NC30, P600 Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-13, Ser19-Asn132. AA sequence SPSPVPRSTA LKELIEELVN ITQNQKAPLC NGSMVWSINL TAGVYCAALE SLINVSGCSA IEKTQRMLNG FCPHKVSAGQ FSSLRVRDTK IEVAQFVKDL LVHLKKLFRE GRFN Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4, 3% trehalose. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute in 20 mM HCl to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Interleukin 3 is a pleiotropic factor produced primarily by activated T cells that can stimulate the proliferation. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human and murine IL-3 share only 29% sequence identity. Consistent with this lack of homology, IL-3 activity is highly species-specific and human IL-3 does not show activity on murine cells. Cytokines are actively involved in the host-defense system to coordinate the functional activity and the generation of effector cells. Some of these molecules function as inflammatory mediators and hematopoietic growth factors at the same time such as IL-3. IL-3 (or multi-CSF) is known as a pleiotropic cytokine with a broad spectrum of target cells and functions. IL-3 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells in the early stages of hematopoiesis. And IL-3 inhibits apoptosis and promotes the autonomous growth of blast cells. Product Properties   Synonyms Hematopoietic Growth Factor, MCGF, Multipotential Colony-stimulating Factor, P-cell-stimulating Factor Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-3, Ala20-Gln143. AA sequence APMTQTTSLK TSWAKCSNMI DEIITHLNQP PLPSPDFNNL NEEDQTILVE KNLRRSNLEA  FSKAVKSLQN ASAIESILKN LPPCLPMATAAPTRPPIRIT NGDRNDFRRK LKFYLKTLEN EQAQ Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4, 5 % trehalose. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Interleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a monomeric, approximately 13 kDa-18 kDa Th2 cytokine that shows pleiotropic effects during immune responses. It is a glycosylated polypeptide that contains three intrachain disulfide bridges and adopts a bundled four alpha -helix structure. Rhesus IL-4 is synthesized with a 24 amino acid (aa) signal sequence. Mature rhesus IL-4 shares 97%, 93%, and 93% aa sequence identity with baboon, chimpanzee, and human IL-4, respectively, and 39% -50% aa sequence identity with bovine, mouse, and rat IL-4. IL-4 exerts its effects through two receptor complexes. The type I receptor, which is expressed on hematopoietic cells, is a heterodimer of the ligand binding IL-4 R alpha and the common gamma chain (a shared subunit of the receptors for IL-2, -7, -9, -15, and -21). The type II receptor on nonhematopoietic cells consists of IL-4 R alpha and IL-13 R alpha 1. The type II receptor also transduces IL-13 mediated signals. IL-4 is primarily expressed by Th2-biased CD4+ T cells, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils. It promotes cell proliferation, survival, and immunoglobulin class switch to IgE in B cells, acquisition of the Th2 phenotype by naïve CD4+ T cells, priming and chemotaxis of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and the proliferation and activation of epithelial cells. IL-4 plays a dominant role in the development of allergic inflammation and asthma. Product Properties   Synonyms BSF-1, Lymphocyte Stimulatory Factor 1 Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-4, His25-Ser153. AA sequence HNCHIALREI IETLNSLTEQ KTLCTKLTIT DILAASKNTT EKETFCRAAT VLRQFYSHHE KDTRCLGATA QQFHRHKQLI RFLKRLDRNL WGLAGLNSCP VKEANQSTLE DFLERLKTIM REKYSKCSS Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 96% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 2 × PBS, pH 7.4, 5% trehalose. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines (1-3). Unlike other family members, it is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer. Mature rhesus IL‑5 shares 98%, 95%, 70%, 71%, 66%, 70%, 61% and 64% aa sequence identity with mature human, mangabey, mouse, rat, feline, equine, canine and bovine IL-5, respectively. IL-5 is primarily produced by CD4+ Th2 cells, but also by activated eosinophils, mast cells, EBV-transformed B cells, Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin’s disease, and IL‑2‑stimulated invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT). IL-5 increases production and mobilization of eosinophils and CD34+ progenitors from the bone marrow and causes maturation of eosinophil precursors outside the bone marrow. The receptor for human IL-5, mainly expressed by eosinophils, but also found on basophils and mast cells, consists of a unique ligand-binding subunit (IL-5 R alpha ) and a shared signal-transducing subunit, beta c. IL‑5 R alpha first binds IL-5 at low affinity, then associates with preformed beta c dimers, forming a high-affinity receptor. IL-5 also binds proteoglycans, potentially enhancing its activity. Soluble forms of IL‑5 R alpha antagonize IL-5 and can be found in vivo. In humans, IL-5 primarily affects cells of the eosinophilic lineage, and promotes their differentiation, maturation, activation, migration and survival, while in mice IL‑5 also enhances Ig class switching and release from B1 cells. IL-5 also promotes differentiation of basophils and primes them for histamine and leukotriene release. Product Properties   Synonyms Eosinophil differentiation factor, TRF Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-5, Ile20-Ser134. AA sequence IPTEIPASAL VKETLALLST HRTLLIANET LRIPVPVHKN HQLCTEEIFQ GIGTLESQTV QGGTVERLFK NLSLIKKYIG GQKKKCGEER RRVNQFLDYL QEFLGVMNTE WIIES Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4, 5 % trehalose. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic, alpha -helical, phosphorylated and variably glycosylated cytokine that plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism, and cancer progression. Alternative splicing generates several isoforms with internal deletions, some of which exhibit antagonistic properties. IL-6 induces signaling through a cell surface heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit (IL-6 R alpha) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). IL-6 binds to IL-6 R alpha, triggering IL-6 R alpha association with gp130 and gp130 dimerization. gp130 is also a component of the receptors for CLC, CNTF, CT-1, IL-11, IL-27, LIF, and OSM. Soluble forms of IL-6 R alpha are generated by both alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage. In a mechanism known as trans-signaling, complexes of soluble IL-6 and IL-6 R alpha elicit responses from gp130-expressing cells that lack cell surface IL-6 R alpha. Trans-signaling enables a wider range of cell types to respond to IL-6, as the expression of gp130 is ubiquitous, while that of IL-6 R alpha is predominantly restricted to hepatocytes, monocytes, and resting lymphocytes. Soluble splice forms of gp130 block trans-signaling from IL-6/IL-6 R alpha but not from other cytokines that use gp130 as a co-receptor. IL-6, along with TNF-alpha and IL-1, function to drive the acute inflammatory response and the transition from acute inflammation to either acquired immunity or chronic inflammatory disease. Product Properties   Synonyms interleukin BSF-2; interleukin-6; MGI-2A Source E.coli-derived Rhesus Macaque IL-16, Ala28-Met212. AA sequence MAPVLPGEDS KNVAAPHSQP LTSSERIDKH IRYILDGISA LRKETCNRSN MCESSKEALA ENNLNLPKMA EKDGCFQSGF NEDTCLVKII TGLLEFEVYL EYLQNRFESS EEQARAVQMS TKVLIQFLQK KAKNLDAITT PEPTTNASLL TKLQAQNQWL QDMTTHLILR SFKEFLQSNL RALRQM Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method. Purity > 97% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses. Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH9.0, 600 mM NaCl, with 0.02 % Tween-20. Applications ELISA, Kinetics (BLI), Kinetics (SPR), Immunization Dilution Dilute with sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA.   Storage   The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions   1. Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety.        2. This product is for research use only.  

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Product Properties Synonyms   Wingless-type MMTV Integration Site Family, Member 5a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5A; Wnt5a   Source HEK293 Cells, Gln38-Lys380 with a His tag at the C-terminal UniProt P41221 Molecular Weight The protein has a predicted MW of 40kDa. The protein migrates as 60 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation Purity > 90% by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. Formulation Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4, 5% trehalose and 0.01 % Tween 80 were added as protectant before lyophilization Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.   Shipping and Storage The product should be stored at -85~-65℃ for 1 year. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.   Cautions 1.Please operate with lab coats and disposable gloves,for your safety. 2.This product is for research use only.

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The ssDNA Assay Kit is a simple, sensitive, and accurate fluorescent quantification kit for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), exhibiting excellent linearity in the range of 1–200 ng. The kit includes a fluorescent detection reagent, buffer, and ssDNA standards. Before use, dilute the fluorescent reagent with the provided buffer to prepare the working solution. Then add the ssDNA sample, and measure fluorescence using a fluorescence microplate reader or a QubitTM fluorometer. Although the kit does not show higher specificity for ssDNA over dsDNA, it demonstrates good tolerance to common contaminants such as proteins, salts, and detergents. Specifications Cat.No. N210304S / N210304M Size 100 T / 500 T Components Components No. Name Concentration N210304S N210304M N210304-A ssDNA Reagent 200× in DMSO 250 μL 1.25 mL N210304-B ssDNA Buffer Not applicable 50 mL 250 mL N210304-C ssDNA Standard 1 0 ng/μL in TE buffer 1 mL 5×1 mL N210304-D ssDNA Standard 2 20 ng/μL in TE buffer 1 mL 5×1 mL Storage Shipped on ice packs. Store at 2–8 °C in the dark.Valid for 1 year.Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Documents： Manual

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Product description Streptozocin (STZ) is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces Aureobasidium pullulans. It has anti-tumor effects and is often used to treat pancreatic cancer. At the same time, STZ can selectively destroy pancreatic beta cells in certain species of animals and induce diabetes. It can be used for modeling research on diabetes models. Rats and mice are generally used to create animal models. The preparation of type Ⅰ diabetes and type Ⅱ diabetes animal models is related to the dose of STZ injection: when a high dose is injected, it can directly cause extensive destruction of pancreatic islet β cells, which can cause a type Ⅰ diabetes model; when a smaller amount of STZ is injected, it only destroys the function of a part of the pancreatic islet β cells, causing peripheral tissues to be insensitive to insulin. At the same time, high-calorie feed is given. The combination of the two can induce an animal model with pathological and physiological changes close to human type Ⅱ diabetes. Generally speaking, high doses of STZ can induce type I diabetes models, while low doses of STZ plus high-fat and high-sugar feed can induce type II diabetes models. In addition, STZ has also been widely studied in anti-leukemia, DNA methylation, anti-nephritis and other aspects. Specifications English Synonym Streptozotocin CAS NO. 18883-66-4 Formula C8H15N3O7 Molecular Weight 265.22 Appearance White or light yellow powder Purity ≥98% Solubility Soluble in water, lower alcohols, ketones, etc. Structure Components Components No. C331605E C331605S C331605M Size 100 mg 500 mg 1 g Storage Ice pack shipping. -15℃ ~-25℃ storage, away from moisture and light, valid for 2 years. Documents: Manuals C331605-EN-Manual.pdf

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Product description The Universal One Step RT-qPCR Fluore Green Kit is a reagent kit for fluorescent quantitative detection based on SYBR Green I dye. Using gene-specific primers, reverse transcription and qPCR reactions are completed in a single tube, eliminating the need for repeated opening and pipetting, which greatly improves detection efficiency and reduces the risk of contamination. The buffer system has been optimized. For highly expressed targets, the kit's sensitivity can reach 0.1 pg, and for moderately expressed targets, it can reach 1 pg. This kit is also suitable for amplification and quantification of DNA samples. The kit can achieve highly sensitive detection and quantification of nucleic acids from various animal and plant samples, cells, and microorganisms. Specifications Catalog Number N132051E N132051S Specifications 20 T（20 μL/rxn） 200T（20 μL/rxn） Components Component Identification Component Name N132051E N132051S N132051-A 2× Universal SG Buffer 250 μL 2×1.25 mL N132051-B Universal UH Enzyme Mix 20 μL 200 μL N132051-C RNase free H2O 250 μL 2×1.25 mL Storage Store at -25 to -15℃ in the dark. Valid for 1 year. Notes 1. All steps for sample addition and solution preparation should be performed on ice whenever possible. 2. Each component should be vortexed to mix thoroughly and then briefly centrifuged at low speed before use. 3. For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and disposable gloves when operating. 4. For Research Use Only. Instructions 1. Recommended Reaction System Component Volume（μL）**** Volume（μL） Final concentration 2× Universal SG Buffer 12.5 25 1× Universal UH Enzyme Mix 1 2 - Forward Primer (10 μM)** 0.5 1 0.2 μM Reverse Primer (10 μM)** 0.5 1 0.2 μM Template RNA*** X X   RNase-free ddH2O to 25 to 50   **The typical final concentration of primers is 0.2 μM, but it can also be adjusted between 0.1-1.0 μM depending on the situation. ***This reagent is highly sensitive. For Total RNA in the range of 1 pg – 1 μg, tests with human samples show that the optimal input amount is 1 pg – 100 ng, with Ct values ideally falling between 15 and 30. ****A reaction volume of 20 μL or 50 μL is recommended to ensure the effectiveness and reproducibility of target gene amplification. *****Prepare the reaction mixture inside a laminar flow cabinet and use nuclease-free pipette tips and reaction tubes; filter-tipped pipette tips are recommended. Avoid cross-contamination and aerosol contamination. 2. Reaction Program Recycling procedure Temperature Time Cycle Number Recycling procedure 50℃* 6 min 1 Pre-denaturation 95℃ 5 min 1 Denaturation 95℃ 15 sec 40 60℃** 30 sec Melting Curve Default Settings 1 The reverse transcription temperature can be selected between 50-55℃ according to experimental requirements. For DNA samples, the reverse transcription step can be omitted. ** In special cases, the annealing/extension temperature can be adjusted according to the primer Tm value, with 60℃ being recommended. 3. Compatible Instruments Instrument models that do not require ROX calibration: Bio-Rad: CFX96, CFX384, iCycler iQ, iQ5, MyiQ, MiniOpticon, Opticon, Opticon 2, Chromo4; Eppendorf: Mastercycler ep realplex, realplex 2 s; Qiagen: Corbett Rotor-Gene Q, Rotor-Gene 3000, Rotor-Gene 6000; Roche Applied Science: LightCycler 480, LightCycler2.0, Lightcycler 96; Thermo Scientific: PikoReal Cycler; Cepheid: SmartCycler; Illumina: Eco qPCR; Low Rox： ABI 7500, 7500 Fast, ViiA7, QuantStudio 3 and 5, QuantStudio 6, 7, 12k Flex; Stratagene MX3000P, MX3005P, MX4000P; High Rox： ABI 5700, 7000, 7300, 7700, 7900HT Fast, StepOne, StepOne Plus. 4. Primer Design Tips 1) Primers should ideally be designed to span an exon-exon junction, with one of the amplification primers potentially crossing the actual exon-intron boundary. This design can reduce the risk of amplifying false positives from contaminated genomic DNA. 2) Primers should be specific. After primer design is completed, a BLAST search should be performed to check for specificity. 3) Primer length is generally between 18 and 27 bp. Primers should not be too long, as this can lead to high extension temperatures that are not suitable for Taq DNA polymerase reactions. 4) The GC content of primers should be between 40% and 60%. Both too high and too low GC content are not conducive to the reaction. The GC content of the forward and reverse primers should not differ significantly. Additionally, the Tm value of the primers, which is the melting temperature of the oligonucleotide, is the temperature at which 50% of the oligonucleotide duplexes are dissociated under a given salt concentration. The effective annealing temperature is generally 5-10℃ higher than the Tm value. The Tm value of the primer can be estimated using the formula Tm = 4(G+C) + 2(A+T), or it can be calculated using software. 5) The length of the PCR product is usually controlled between 80 and 300 bp. To ensure amplification efficiency, the length of the PCR product should be considered when designing primers. 6) The 3′ end of the primer should avoid having an A. When there is a mismatch at the 3′ end of the primer, there is a significant difference in the initiation efficiency of different bases. When the last base is A, chain synthesis can occur even in the case of a mismatch. However, when the last base is T, the mismatch initiation efficiency is greatly reduced. The initiation efficiency of G and C mismatches is between that of A and T. Therefore, it is best to choose T at the 3′ end. 7) Bases should be randomly distributed, and there should be no runs of purines or pyrimidines. In particular, there should not be more than three consecutive Gs or Cs at the 3′ end, as this can cause the primer to initiate incorrectly in GC-rich sequence regions. 8) Primers should avoid complementary sequences within themselves and between each other. Otherwise, the primer may fold into a hairpin structure, causing the primer to anneal to itself. Such secondary structures can hinder the annealing of the primer to the template due to steric hindrance. Primers should not have more than four consecutive complementary bases within themselves. There should also be no complementarity between the two primers, especially at the 3′ ends, to prevent the formation of primer dimers. There should not be more than four consecutive complementary bases between primers. If primer dimers and hairpin structures are unavoidable, their DG values should be kept low (less than 4.5 kcal/mol). Otherwise, they can easily lead to the formation of primer dimer bands and reduce the effective concentration of primers, preventing the PCR reaction from proceeding normally. 5. Analysis of Abnormal Results 1) No Ct Value Detected Incorrect Fluorescence Signal Collection: Ensure that the fluorescence signal is collected at the end of the annealing/extension step. Primer Degradation: Check the integrity of the primers using PAGE electrophoresis. Insufficient Template Amount: For samples of unknown concentration, start testing from the original solution. Template Degradation: Avoid introducing impurities during sample preparation and prevent repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 2) High Ct Value (Ct > 35) Low Amplification Efficiency: Optimize reaction conditions and check primer design. Consider using a three-step reaction method or slightly lowering the annealing temperature. Too Long PCR Product: Generally, use a product length of 80-150 bp. 3) Poor Linearity of Standard Curve . Pipetting Errors: This can cause the standards not to form a gradient. For RNA templates, it is recommended to use 1× TE buffer for gradient dilution, while for DNA templates, ddH2O is recommended for dilution. Standard Degradation: Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of the standards, or re-prepare and dilute the standards. Poor Primer Design: Redesign the primers. Presence of Inhibitors in the Template or Excessive Template Concentration. 4) NTC (No Template Control) Amplification (Ct < 32) Suboptimal Primer Design: Avoid primer dimers and hairpin structures. Primer Concentration Issues: Adjust the primer concentration and ensure the proper ratio between the forward and reverse primers. Aerosol Contamination: Leakage of amplified products can easily cause aerosol contamination in the laboratory, which can lead to inaccurate quantitative detection results once contamination occurs.

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