TGFβ3 is a member of the TGF-β superfamily subgroup, defined by its structural and functional similarities. TGF-β3, along with β1 and β2, acts as a cellular switch to regulate immune function, cell proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The human TGF-β3 cDNA encodes a 412 amino acid (aa) precursor, which contains a 20 aa signal peptide and a 392 aa protein. Mature human TGF-β3 shares 100%, 99%, and 98% homology with mouse/dog/horse, rat, and pig TGF-β3, respectively. TGF-β3 has a high affinity for TGF-βRII, a type II serine/threonine kinase receptor. This receptor phosphorylates and activates the type I serine/threonine kinase receptor TGF-βRI or ALK-1 to regulate transcription through Smad phosphorylation.
The product is provided in the form of a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder, characterized by high activity, high purity, and low endotoxin levels.